电动执行器在污染源总量控制系统中的应用介绍

导读：

电动执行器在终端用户现场排污系统中是怎样应用的呢？天蝶阀门技术人员带您来认识一下。

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电动执行器在污染源总量控制系统中的应用介绍
Application of electric actuators in total emission control system of pollution sources

电动执行器在污染源总量控制系统中的相关应用
Application of electric actuators in total pollution control system
近年来，环评工作对规划和建设项目实施后可能造成的环境影响进行分析、预测和评估以后，环保部门引入了污染源总量控制的管理制度，从源头上对污染源排放量进行了严格把关。一旦确认超总量的现象发生，负责人员马上通过污染源总量控制系统的远程端将阀门关死，不让污染源进一步的扩散，这种方式为环境执行提供了一种自动化的解决方案。
In recent years, after the environmental impact analysis, prediction and evaluation of the environmental impact on the implementation of the planning and construction projects, the environmental protection department has introduced the management system of the total amount control of pollution sources, and strictly controls the emission of the source of pollution from the source. Once the excess amount is recognized, the law enforcement officers immediately pass the valve through the remote end of the total pollution source control system to prevent further diffusion of the source of the pollution, which provides an automated solution for environmental enforcement.

（伯纳德电动执行器）

电动执行器的工作原理
The working principle of electric actuator
电动执行器是自动控制系统中的执行机构和控制阀组合体。它在自动控制系统中的作用是接受来自调节器发出的信号，以其在工艺管路的位置和特性，调节工艺介质的流量，从而控制在生产过程所要求的范围内。
The electric actuator is the actuator and control valve assembly in the automatic control system. Its role in the automatic control system is to accept the signal from the regulator, to regulate the flow of the process medium in the position and characteristics of the process pipeline, and to control the range required in the production process.

（DKJ电动执行器）

电动执行器的组成结构
The structure of the electric actuator
电动执行器包括执行和调节两大机构组成。控制器发送电流信号给电控装置，电控装置控制通过执行机构（一般为电机）的转动移位，执行器将阀门开度转到一定的位置时，通过简易的齿轮单元带动滑动变阻器阻值的发生变化，经过检测单元对相应位置的滑动变阻器的阻值进行转换成电流或者电压信号，反馈后比较控制信号，直到与控制器发送的电流相吻合的时候停止转动，这一系列被称为调节单元。
The electric actuator consists of two main parts: execution and adjustment. The controller sends an electric current signal to the electronic control device. The electronic control device controls the rotation of the actuator (usually motor). When the actuator transfers the opening of the valve to a certain position, it changes the resistance of the sliding rheostat through a simple gear unit, and passes through the sliding rheostat of the detection unit to the corresponding position. The resistance is converted into a current or voltage signal, and the feedback is compared to the control signal until it is consistent with the current transmitted by the controller, and this series is called the adjustment unit.

（罗托克电动执行器）

电动执行器的现场安装方式
On-the-spot installation of electric actuator
总量控制系统中，执行器一般安装在介质的流动方向，一般和管道流量计在同一段管路上，并且需要安装在流量计的后端，原因是执行器的开合时候会出现涡流现象，容易在管路中产生一定的气泡量，实践安装中，一般安装在离流量计同一直管段的3倍管道直径处（经验值，可参考）。
In the total amount control system, the actuator is usually installed in the flow direction of the medium, generally and the pipe flowmeter in the same line, and need to be installed at the back end of the flowmeter. The reason is that the eddy current phenomenon occurs when the actuator is open and closing. It is easy to produce a certain amount of gas in the pipeline. In practice installation, it is generally installed in the installation. The flow meter is 3 times the pipe diameter of the tube section.

电动执行器的校对方式
Proofreading mode of electric actuator
污染源总量控制系统中，执行器在执行过程中经常出现角度的飘移，导致环境负责人员无法的打开和关闭电动执行器，调节执行器开度只要对其进行两点校正，同PH计校正原理，在关位和开位的位置处进行校正。
In the total amount control system of pollution source, the actuator often appears angle drift during the execution process, which leads to the environment law enforcement personnel unable to open and close the electric actuator accurately, and adjust the actuator's opening as long as it is corrected at two points, and the correction principle of the pH meter and the position and the open position.

（DZW电动执行器）

电动执行器的运维工作
Operation and maintenance of electric actuators
执行器在使用中需对齿轮、轴类接缝，油封等地方进行润滑，对于长期不动作的阀门要进行缓慢的步进式开合操作，这样既避免了电机卡死的堵转现象，也保护了阀体不会因过大的力而受磨损的事故发生。
The actuator needs to be lubricated in the use of gear, shaft joint, oil seal and other places. For a valve that does not move for a long time, a slow step opening and closing operation is required. This avoids the blocking phenomenon of motor card death, and also protects the valve body from accidents caused by excessive force.
  
电动执行器的安全作业
Safety operation of electric actuators
根据国家标准，交流电动机过载保护，应符合如下规定：短时工作或断续周期工作的电动机可不装过载保护，但当电动机运行中可能发生堵转时，应装设保护电动机堵转的过载保护。在污染源总量控制系统中，由于污水水质变化平凡，电机转子堵转概率较大，所以有必要安装保护器。选择保护器的类型需跳过启动电流，小于堵转电流。以下针对单相以及三相异步电机做如下选型推荐：
According to national standards, AC motor overload protection should be in accordance with the following provisions: short time working or intermittent cycle of the motor can not install overload protection, but when the motor may be blocked, the overload protection of the protective motor should be installed. In the total pollution control system, due to the ordinary change of sewage quality, the probability of motor rotor blocking is larger, so it is necessary to install protectors. The type of protector should be skipped starting current, less than blocking current. The following selection is recommended for single-phase and three-phase asynchronous motors.
（1）单相异步电机相关保护器选型。污染源总量控制系统项目中，使用的电动执行器多以单相异步电机为主，保护器可以选用陶瓷保险丝接入已安装空开下的火线相。陶瓷型保险丝具有无电弧及其他安全措施。（2）三相异步电机相关保护器选型。污染源总量控制系统项目中，有少量三相电动执行器，空开下保护器可以选用：空开和交流电动机启动器的整合。也可以使用空开和交流接触器，外加热继电器的整合。空开建议使用动力型规格。
(1) Different selection of single-phase asynchronous motor related protector. In the project of total pollution source control system, the main electric actuators used are the single-phase asynchronous motor, and the protector can choose the ceramic fuse to connect with the open fire line. Ceramic fuse has no arc and other safety measures. (2) different selection of three phase asynchronous motor related protectors. There are a small number of three-phase electric actuators in the total pollution control system project. The open protector can be selected: the integration of open and AC motor starters. Can also use the circuit breaker and AC contactor, integrated heating relay. Recommend the use of air power specifications.
电动执行器关注安全方面，特别推出两种不同安全规格的产品供给我们选择：（1）防爆、防水型。工作在石油、煤矿等环境特别恶劣的场所，具有防爆，防水的效果。防水的别可以做到长期在水下进行作业。（2）普通型。一般化工等制造型企业，适应一般的场所使用。
Electric actuators are concerned about safety. Two kinds of products with different safety specifications are specially selected for our selection: (1) explosion-proof and waterproof type. Working in oil, coal and other environments, especially in harsh environment, it has the effect of explosion-proof and waterproof. The highest level of waterproofing can be done underwater for a long time. (2) common type. General chemical and other modeling enterprises adapt to the general use of places.

电动执行器优缺点
Advantages and disadvantages of electric actuators
相对应于手动执行阀门方式，电动执行器关阀具有以下优缺点：
优点：（1）执行，控制角度。人可以不到现场，通过网络将上位机的控制信号传递给下位机，再通过下位机控制阀门进行关阀操作，电动执行器可以执行角度关阀（调节型），也可以直接进行开关关阀（开关型）两种方式。控制信号通过物联网的方式进行传送成为当今自动化、网络化领域的一种主流方式。通过网络底层传输路径，将信号传至现场，完达到实时性和性的效果。（2）安全执行扭力，开关方便快捷。可以根据阀门大小，通过不同规格的齿轮箱进行开关调速，用较小的力可以推动较大的阀门阀芯，通过设置了电子行程开关作为电子限位，同时设置了机械方式的限位，安全保护超行程现象的发生。（3）安全电器保护。感温探头预埋入执行器内部机构，作为测量执行器电机堵转的过热保护；开过载和关过载报警，通过内部有一定扭矩的机械结构开关，通过电信号传至电控板，将开过载和关过载做限位保护功能。
Relative to manual operation of valve, electric actuator valve has the following advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages: (1) efficient execution and precise control angle. The control signal of the upper computer can be passed to the lower machine through the network, and the valve is controlled through the lower machine to carry out the valve operation. The electric actuator can perform the accurate angle valve (adjustable type), and can also direct the switch off valve (switch type) two kinds of formula. The transmission of control signals through the Internet of things has become a mainstream way in the field of automation and networking. Through the bottom transmission path of the network, the signal can be transmitted to the scene, so that it can achieve real-time and accuracy effect. (2) the safety execution torque, the switch is convenient and quick. According to the size of the valve, the switch speed regulation can be carried out through the gear box of different specifications, the larger valve spool can be promoted with small force, the electronic travel switch is set as the electronic limit, and the limit of the mechanical way is set up, and the safety protection of the super stroke phenomenon is born. (3) protection of safety electrical appliances. The sensor is pre embedded into the internal mechanism of the actuator as the overheating protection for the motor plugging of the actuator; overloading and closing the overload alarm, through a mechanical switch with a certain torque inside, passes through the electrical signal to the electronic control board, and will open the overload and the off overload as the limit protection function.
缺点：（1）安装环境必须良好。普通型电动执行器安装现场需做防潮防湿处理。特殊场合还需做防爆处理。现场环境建议干燥，无易燃物，有一定的通风防潮能力。（2）电子配件属于易耗品。电子元件老化后，精度易受影响，特别是调节型产品；电子配件含程序软件价格相对昂贵，故障率在运维不到位时发生频次较高。维护成本较高。（3）机械结构比较复杂，安装调试困难，非专业人士组装维修困难。一个电动执行器内部包含复杂的机械结构，关键处组合电子配件的使用，涉及两个行业的标准，所以非专业人员维护是一件比较困难的事情。
Shortcomings: (1) the installation environment must be good. The common electric actuator should be moisture-proof and moistureproof. Special occasions also need to do explosion-proof treatment. The site environment is dry and flammable. It has certain ventilation and moisture resistance. (2) electronic accessories belong to consumable goods. After the aging of electronic components, the precision is easy to be affected, especially the regulated products; the price of the program software of electronic parts is relatively expensive, and the frequency of failure is higher when the operation and maintenance is not in place. The maintenance cost is high. (3) the mechanical structure is complex, and the installation and commissioning is difficult. An electric actuator contains complex mechanical structures, the key part of the electronic components is used, and it involves the standards of two industries, so it is a difficult thing to maintain non professional personnel.

总结
Summary
作为一个执行的终端，可能有很多故障率的发生，但是可以因为运维到位以及安装环境的合理规范，这种电控产品的稳定性还是可以被保证的，可以成为环保的智能化、自动化基础的重要的组成部分。
As an execution terminal, there may be a lot of failure rates, but the stability of this electronic control product can be guaranteed because of the operation and maintenance and the reasonable installation environment. It can be the most important part of the intelligent and automatic environmental protection.